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Flint Hill Pottery
In the kitchens and pantries of the village are scores of examples of the Genesee Country potter's art, both lead-glazed earthenware (also called "redware") and salt-glazed stoneware. These relics survived generations of everyday use for food preparation and storage in the 19th-century before drawing notice from collectors, antique dealers and museum curators. The work of regional potters has also earned the attention of archaeologists. Of the several sites excavated by the Rochester Museum & Science Center, the best documented are the Alvin Wilcox Pottery (c.1825-62) in Ontario County and the Morganville Pottery (c.1829-1900) in Genesee County. The lead-glazed earthenware produced by these and other early 19th-century rural potters included crocks, jugs, jars and bottles; plates, bowls, pitchers and porringers; milk pans and butter churns; candle and cake moulds; drain tiles and flower pots; chamber pots and spittoons. The country potter worked hard. For his earthenware products, he dug the clay from a nearby pit, ground it in a pug mill (sometimes horse-powered), turned the simple shapes on his wheel, applied the lead glaze, fired them in his kiln, and then sold them at the pottery or carried them to storekeepers who would pay the potter in cash or goods. With the completion of the Erie Canal, stoneware factories producing the familiar light-colored and blue decorated wares were established in towns along the waterway. Clay could be brought in from Long Island and New Jersey, and the stoneware products were shipped out readily on the canal. Stoneware was fired at higher temperatures, which fused the clay so that it did not have to be glazed, although a salt glaze was commonly used. The insides of stoneware vessels were coated with "Albany slip," a brownish-black clay wash, to provide a smooth finish. Fortunatus Gleason, Jr., and his son, Charles, operated the Morganville Pottery in Stafford Township, Genesee County, until about the time of the Civil War. By then, most of the rural earthenware potteries in the region had succumbed to competition from the larger stoneware factories, but the Morganville Pottery turned away from jugs and jars, concentrating on earthenware flower pots and drain tiles for which there was sufficient demand. Through a succession of family-related potters, the Morganville operation survived into the 20th-century. Some time after the pottery was closed, the structure was moved away and adapted into a dwelling. Excavations at the Morganville site by the Rochester Museum & Science Center in 1973 uncovered the building's foundations as well as the floors of two kilns, one inside and one outside the building. Also found were quantities of earthenware fragments which have helped to identify and document surviving examples of Morganville pottery. The archaeologist's report and an early 20th-century photograph of the old building formed the basis for the replica of the Morganville Pottery at the Genesee Country Museum. The wares produced in the museum pottery follow closely documented examples of those turned out by the 19th-century rural potters of the Genesee Country. The reproduction pottery created on site us sold at Flint Hill Country Store. Selections include both redware and salt glaze items ranging from pie plates and tankards to ledded containers and jugs. |
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